The Significance of June 12 on Nigeria’s Democracy By Akande Ismail Abiola
June 12 holds immense significance in Nigeria’s democratic history as it represents a crucial moment that encapsulates the struggle for democratic ideals and the aspirations of the Nigerian people. To understand the significance of the annulled presidential election on June 12, 1993, it is important to provide context about the political landscape in Nigeria leading up to that point.
Since gaining independence from British colonial rule in 1960, Nigeria has been plagued by a succession of military regimes. These periods of military rule were characterized by absence of democratic processes, the suppression of civil liberties, widespread corruption, and a blatant disregard for the rule of law. Consequently, the nation fervently desired a transition to civilian governance and the reestablishment of democratic principles to bring an end to the offensive military fiats.
In response to this yearning for change, the 1993 presidential election presented hope in sight. Chief Moshood Kashimawo Olawale Abiola emerged as the popular candidate, running on the platform of the Social Democratic Party (SDP). Abiola’s campaign was notable for its broad appeal, cutting across ethnic and religious lines, as he garnered support from diverse groups across the country.
Abiola’s Issue-Based Campaign and 1993 Election:
Abiola’s campaign focused on addressing the pressing socioeconomic challenges facing Nigeria at the time. His campaign jingles, which quickly became a street anthem, highlighted the need to tackle issues such as infrastructural decay, unemployment, and the need for educational reforms.
Abiola’s popularity and charismatic personality resonated with many Nigerians, leading to widespread support for his candidacy.
Against this backdrop, the June 12, 1993, presidential election took place, witnessing Nigerians coming out en masse to exercise their civic right. This election was widely regarded as one of the freest and fairest in Nigeria’s history. The adoption of option A4 by the National Electoral Commission headed by professor Humphrey Nwosu easily gave away the would-be winner as voters lined up behind their preferred candidate and counting was made audibly.
According to unofficial results, Abiola scored 8,341,309 (58.36%) as against 5,952,087 (41.64%) polled by Bashir Tofa of the National Republican Convention (NRC);reflecting the overwhelming mandate given to him by the Nigerian people. However, the military government under Gen. Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida annulled the election, denying Nigerians the outcome they had passionately voted for.
Fight for Democracy and Human Rights:
The annulment of the June 12 election galvanized Nigerians to take a stand against military rule and fight for democracy and human rights. It became a symbol of resistance, unity, and a common cause for people from diverse backgrounds. The pro-democracy movement that
followed challenged the oppressive regime and brought about a renewed sense of national consciousness and the realization that democratic principles are vital for a prosperous and inclusive society.
Transition to Civilian Rule:
The struggle and sacrifices made during the June 12 crisis played a crucial role in Nigeria’s transition to civilian rule. Eventually, in 1999, Nigeria returned to democracy, marking a significant milestone in the nation’s history.
The lessons learned from the June 12 struggle have since shaped the country’s political landscape till date, reinforcing the importance of transparent elections, accountability, and the rule of law.
Symbol of Democracy and National Unity:
June 12 has become an enduring symbol of democracy and national unity in Nigeria. It serves as a reminder of the power of the people to demand good governance, justice, and equal representation.
The annual commemoration of June 12 as Democracy Day declared by President Muhammadu Buhari in 2019, acknowledges its significance and reinforces the commitment to upholding democratic values and principles
Albeit the cause for which M.K.O. Abiola struggled still remains a cause and the dream for which he died still remains a dream 30 years after, there’s no gain saying that June 12 has greatly impacted Nigeria’s political trajectory; this is evident in the nation’s 24 years of uninterrupted democratic rule.
In conclusion, to secure a brighter future for Nigeria and Nigerians, it is imperative that we not only recognize and draw lessons from the June 12 struggle but also take bold and decisive action. Let us actively foster a robust democracy, champion the cause of human rights, and diligently work towards establishing a thriving and inclusive nation. Together, let us seize this opportunity to shape Nigeria’s destiny and pave the way for a prosperous future that leaves no one behind.
